Technology is the set of knowledge, skills, experience and techniques through which humans change, transform and use our environment in order to create tools, machines, products and services that meet our needs and desires.Technology not only provides objects or material goods such as knives, computers or spacecraft, also includes all those methodologies and intangible goods which satisfy our needs and desires, so we can classify the technology into 2 groups:
- Hard technologies – are those that give us tangible goods.
- Soft technologies – are those that give us intangibles.
Development as a process or course of positive change. Development is not purely an economic phenomenon but rather a multi-dimensional process involving reorganization and reorientation of entire economic AND social
system.
“Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” – Sustainable Development
“The information skill and techniques on how a product is to be made without external sponsorship is known as indigenous technology“
Energy Environment & Society Notes Links
- Technology and Development (Note 1 & Note 2)
- Energy Basics (Note 1 & Note 2)
- Renewable Energy Sources (Note 1 & Note 2)
- Environmental Impact of Energy sources (Note 1)
- Energy Storage (Note 1 & Note 2)
Solar Constant
The solar constant is the amount of energy received in unit time on a unit area perpendicular to the sun’s direction at the mean distance of the earth from the sun. It is measured by satellite as being 1.361 kilowatts per square meter (kW/m²). In 2015, Nepal and the World Bank signed an agreement to invest USD 130 million to develop a 25 MW solar project. After completion, it will eventually be connected to the national grid. It is the largest renewable energy plant planned in the country.
On average, Nepal has 6.8 sunshine hours per day with the intensity of solar radiation ranging from 3.9 to 5.1 kWh per meter square. With a commercial potential of solar power for grid connection estimated to be 2,100 MW. Total solar PV potential of Nepal is 26000MW.
Nepal has an estimated 42,000 MW hydro power potential, 100 MW of micro hydro power, 2100 MW of solar power for the grid, and 3000 MW of wind power renewable energy commercially exploitable.
Syllabus of Energy Environment & Society
Note : Syllabus of Energy Environment & Society will change from 2076 Batch
