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ME 554 |
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Lecture |
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3 |
Year : II |
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Tutorial |
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1 |
Part : II |
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Practical |
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3/2 |
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Course Objective:
To provide basic concept of fluid mechanics and its application for solving basic engineering problems.
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1. |
Definition and Analysis method |
(2 hours) |
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1.1 |
Definition and Properties of a Fluid |
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1.2 |
Analysis Method |
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1.2.1 System and Control Volume, |
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1.2.2 Differential vs Integral Approach, |
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1.2.3 Description – Lagrangian and Eulerian |
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2. |
Fluid Statics |
(3 hours) |
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2.1 |
Pressure Intensity at a Point |
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2.2 |
Pressure Variations in a Fluid |
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2.3 |
Unite of Pressure |
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2.4 |
Absolute and Gage Pressure |
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2.5 |
Manometers |
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2.6 |
Forces on Plane and Curve Surface |
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2.7 |
Buoyancy and Stability |
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3. |
Kinematics of Fluid Flow |
(5 hours) |
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3.1 |
Description of Fluid Flow: 1D, 2D and 3D Flow |
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3.2 |
Circulation and Vorticity |
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3.3 |
Rotational and Irrotational Flow |
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3.4 |
Equation of Stream Line |
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3.5 |
Velocity Potential |
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3.6 |
Stream Function |
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3.7 |
Acceleration of a Fluid Particle |
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4. |
Basic Equations for Fluid Flow |
(8 hours) |
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4.1 |
Continuity Equations |
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4.1.1 Rectangular and Cylindrical Coordinate Systems |
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4.2 |
Momentum Equation and Applications |
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4.2.1 Elbow reactions, jet propulsions |
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4.2.2 Fixed and moving vanes, hydraulic jump |
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4.3 |
Navier-Stokes Equation: Newtonian Fluid |
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4.4 |
Bernoulli’s Equation and Applications, Flow from a tank, Venturi Flow, |
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Syphon Flow |
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5. |
Dimensional Analysis and Dynamic Similitude |
(3 hours) |
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5.1Units and Dimensions
5.2Nondimensionalizing basic Differential Equation and Dimensionless Numbers
5.3Formation of Dimensionless Equations by Buckingham’s Method
5.4Dynamic Similitude Model Studies
5.5Incomplete Similarities
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6. |
Viscous Effects |
(10 hours) |
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6.1 |
One Dimensional Laminar Flow; Relationship between shear stress and |
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velocity gradient |
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6.2 |
Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates |
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6.3 |
Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes; Reynolds number, velocity profile |
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6.4 |
Laminar and Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow; Flow over flat plates, drag on |
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immersed bodies |
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6.5 |
Frictional Resistance to Flow in Pipes; Darcey-Weisbach equation, friction |
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factor Use of Moody diagram, head loss in pipe flow |
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6.6 |
Head Losses; In bends, joint expansions, valves Loss coefficients |
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7. |
Flow Measurement |
(6 hours) |
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7.1 |
Measurement of Static Pressure Intensity |
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7.2 |
Measurement of Velocity; Pitot tube, Pitot-static tube |
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7.3 |
Restriction Flow Meters: Orifice Plate, Flow nozzles, Venturi, Laminar Flow |
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Elements |
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7.4 |
Linear Flow meters |
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7.5 |
Weir and Notches |
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7.6 |
Flow visualization |
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8. |
Flow Measurement |
(5 hours) |
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8.1 |
Hydraulic and Energy Grade Lines Systems including reservoirs, pumps and |
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turbines |
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8.2 |
Pipe Flow Networks Series and parallel combinations |
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9. |
Introduction to Compressible Flow |
(3 hours) |
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Practical:
1Properties of Fluid and Hydrostatics
i)Measurement of Fluid viscosity and density
ii)Buoyancy forces, Center of pressure, stability of floating objects
2Demonstration of the Energy and Momentum Equations
i)Pressure distribution for flow through a Venturi
ii)Force developed by a steady impinging jet flow
3Fluid flow in Piping
i)Laminar and turbulent flow, friction losses in liquid flow
ii)Velocity distribution in air duct
4Calibration of Flow; Orifice, Venturi, Weir
5Drag on immersed bodies, measurement of lift and drag force on objects of different shapes
6The Hydraulic Jumps, relating measured jump parameters to Froude number, momentum, continuity and energy equations.
References:
1.Fox, R. W, McDonald, A. T., Pritchard, P. J., “Introduction to Fluid Mechanics”, John Wiley.
2.Douglas, J. F, Gasiorek, J. M., Swaffield, J. A., “Fluid Mechanics”, Pearson Education.
3.Frank M. White, “Fluid Mechanics”, McGraw-Hill
4.Kumar, D. S., “Fluid Mechanics”, S. K. Katarai and Sons
Evaluation Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters of the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be as indicated in the table below:
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Unit |
Chapter |
Topics |
Marks |
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1 |
1, 2 & 3 |
all |
16 |
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2 |
4 |
all |
16 |
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3 |
5 & 8 |
all |
16 |
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4 |
6 |
all |
16 |
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5 |
7 & 9 |
all |
16 |
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Total |
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80 |
